Legal Dictionary

Collateral Estoppel

Collateral estoppel, also known as issue preclusion, is a legal doctrine that prevents the relitigation of an issue that has already been decided in a previous case, provided certain requirements are met. It operates to bar the reexamination of a specific issue in a subsequent legal proceeding, even if the parties and the cause of action are different.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the requirements for collateral estoppel to apply?

The requirements for collateral estoppel to apply are: (1) the issue in question must have been actually litigated and determined in the prior case; (2) the issue must have been essential to the judgment in the prior case; (3) the party against whom collateral estoppel is asserted must have been a party to the prior case or in privity with a party; and (4) the party against whom collateral estoppel is asserted must have had a full and fair opportunity to litigate the issue in the prior case.

Can collateral estoppel be used in both civil and criminal cases?

Yes, collateral estoppel can be used in both civil and criminal cases. It applies in any legal context where the same issue has been previously litigated and determined in a final judgment.
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